Not really sure why it needs to be a sprite at that point if you're loading SVG into JS variables... would probably just have each glyph/graphic element be it's on JS variable in a module, then expose that.
If you're using webpack, you can require these in as text. If you're also doing react, you can probably create a webpack extension (if there isn't one already) that brings these in as static react components... since React 15 added much better support for svg constructs.